SECTION 07 / REFERENCES

Ipamorelin Research: Full Citation List

Every study cited across this site — PubMed IDs, DOIs, and direct URLs to the published peer-reviewed record.

Every quantitative claim on this site about ipamorelin, CJC-1295, or related compounds maps to one of the numbered citations below. Reference numbers in the text correspond to entries here. DOI links open to the publisher; PubMed links open to the indexed record at NCBI. Paywalled journal articles are listed with their available abstract page.

  1. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. PMID: 9849822  |  DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1390552  |  PubMed ↗
  2. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue (selectivity data: GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 comparison). European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. Same paper as [1]; cited to distinguish GHRP-comparison finding. PMID: 9849822
  3. Johansen PB, Nowak J, Skjaerbaek C, Flyvbjerg A, Andreassen TT, Wilken M, Orskov H. Ipamorelin, a new growth-hormone-releasing peptide, induces longitudinal bone growth in rats. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 1999;9(2):106–113. PMID: 10373343  |  DOI: 10.1054/ghir.1999.9998  |  PubMed ↗
  4. Andersen NB, Malmlöf K, Johansen PB, Andreassen TT, Ørtoft G, Oxlund H. The growth hormone secretagogue ipamorelin counteracts glucocorticoid-induced decrease in bone formation of adult rats. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 2001;11(5):266–272. PMID: 11735244  |  DOI: 10.1054/ghir.2001.0239  |  PubMed ↗
  5. Svensson J, Lall S, Dickson SL, Bengtsson BA, Rømer J, Ahnfelt-Rønne I, Ohlsson C, Jansson JO. The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats. Journal of Endocrinology. 2000;165(3):569–577. PMID: 10828840  |  DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1650569  |  PubMed ↗
  6. Venkova K, Mann W, Nelson R, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. Efficacy of ipamorelin, a novel ghrelin mimetic, in a rodent model of postoperative ileus. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2009;329(3):1110–1116. PMID: 19289567  |  DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.149211  |  PubMed ↗
  7. Jiménez-Reina L, Cañete R, de la Torre MJ, Bernal G. Influence of chronic treatment with the growth hormone secretagogue Ipamorelin, in young female rats: somatotroph response in vitro. Histology and Histopathology. 2002;17(3):707–714. PMID: 12168778  |  DOI: 10.14670/HH-17.707  |  PubMed ↗
  8. Malmlöf K, Johansen PB, Haahr PM, Wilken M, Oxlund H. Methylprednisolone does not inhibit the release of growth hormone after intravenous injection of a novel growth hormone secretagogue in rats. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 1999;9(6):396–403. PMID: 10629165  |  DOI: 10.1054/ghir.1999.0128  |  PubMed ↗
  9. Johansen PB, Hansen KT, Andersen JV, Johansen NL. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ipamorelin and other peptidyl growth hormone secretagogues with emphasis on nasal absorption. Xenobiotica. 1998;28(11):1083–1091. PMID: 9879640  |  DOI: 10.1080/004982598238976  |  PubMed ↗
  10. Lall S, Tung LY, Ohlsson C, Jansson JO, Dickson SL. Growth hormone (GH)-independent stimulation of adiposity by GH secretagogues. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2001;280(1):132–138. PMID: 11162489  |  DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4065  |  PubMed ↗
  11. Bochicchio GV, et al. Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2014. DOI: 10.1007/s00384-014-2030-8  |  ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00672074 ↗  |  Publisher ↗
  12. Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2006;91(3):799–805. PMID: 16352683  |  DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-1536  |  PubMed ↗
  13. Sallam HS, Chen JDZ. The Prokinetic Face of Ghrelin. International Journal of Peptides. 2010. PMID: 20721347  |  DOI: 10.1155/2010/493614  |  PMC ↗
  14. National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine. Tesamorelin — LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. NIH Bookshelf. 2023. NIH Bookshelf ↗
  15. Ankersen M, Johansen NL, Madsen K, Hansen BS, Raun K, Nielsen KK, et al. A new series of highly potent growth hormone-releasing peptides derived from ipamorelin. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 1998;41(19):3699–3704. PMID: 9733495  |  DOI: 10.1021/jm9801962  |  PubMed ↗
  16. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue (mechanistic context: GHS-R1a vs GHRHR receptor family distinction). European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. Same paper as [1]; cited for receptor-family distinction. PMID: 9849822
  17. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue (somatostatin feedback mechanism). European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. Same paper as [1]; cited for the somatostatin-feedback/pulsatility-preservation mechanism finding. PMID: 9849822
  18. Frohman LA, Kineman RD. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2006. PMID: 17018654  |  DOI: PMID 17018654  |  PubMed ↗
  19. Sackmann-Sala L, Ding J, Frohman LA, Kopchick JJ. Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by CJC-1295, a long-acting GHRH analog, results in serum protein profile changes in normal adult subjects. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 2009;19(6):471–477. PMID: 19386527  |  DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2009.03.001  |  PubMed ↗
  20. FDA Drug Compounding Regulatory Announcement. Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503B of the FD&C Act — Category 2 Policy Update. September 2024. FDA.gov ↗
  21. NCBI PubMed. Tesamorelin meta-analysis: Body composition, hepatic fat, metabolic, and safety outcomes in HIV-associated lipodystrophy. 2026. PMID: 41545261  |  DOI: PMID 41545261  |  PubMed ↗
  22. Malmlöf K, Johansen PB, Haahr PM, Wilken M, Oxlund H. Methylprednisolone does not inhibit the release of growth hormone after intravenous injection of a novel growth hormone secretagogue in rats (IGF-1 elevation finding). Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 1999;9(6):396–403. Same paper as [8]; cited separately for the IGF-1 elevation finding. PMID: 10629165